Ang Mga Karapatan ng Taong Nagkaroon ng Injury (o Namatay) Sanhi ng Aksidente sa KSA

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Posted By: Tasio Espiritu August 29, 2012

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Drafted by Tasio Espiritu
First posted in 2009 for patnubay.com

Ang mga karapatan ng manggawa sa saudi Arabia kung magkaroon ng aksidente, may injury o namatay.

Kaninong Obligasyon / Sinong mananagot kung maaksidente or mainjured o mamatay ang isang manggawa?

    • GOSI – For work related injury or work-related death only.
    • Private Risk Insurances – example Motor, Life insurance and others
    • Employer – For work related pero walang GOSI, walang risk insurance
    • Taong naging dahilan ng injury or death – by filing Private Right of Action .

GOSI – Ang GOSI (Government Organization for Social Insurance) ay isang sangay ng gobyerno ng Kingdom of Saudi Arabia na nagpapatupad ng Social Insurance Law ng Kaharian. Ang GOSI ay may dalawang branches; ang Annuity Branch at ang Occupational Hazard Branch.

Annuity Branch – intendend as pension plan where a member has a monthly contribution. This program is now exclusively for Saudi nationals. Ito yong sinabi na NAWALA na ang GOSI (binalik yong mga contributions ng member) 10 years ago.

Occupational Hazard Branch (OHB) – ito ay compulsory, at hindi nakalimit sa mga Saudi lamang. Walang monthly contributions ang worker para maging member nito dahil ito ay responsibilidad ng employer.

Note: Gusto kong ipapaliwanag na ang GOSI na akala ng karamihan na nawala ay yong sa Annuity Branch (pension). Ang OHB ay hindi nawala.  Take note also na hindi covered ng GOSI ang mga undocumented at runaways kundi yong mga legal na manggagawa lamang.

1. Ano naman ang mga benepisyong dapat makukuha ng legal na manggawa at bilang miyembro ng GOSI ?

  • Patuloy na Pagagamot hanggang makafully recovered ang worker or habang ay may patuloy ang improvement ng kalagayan ng worker.
  • Continuous Salary habang ginagamot. (Cheque mula sa GOSI).
  • Hindi pwedeng ma-terminate ng employer ang work contract habang ginagamot ang worker maliban lang kung gustohin ng worker at ng kanyang pamilya.
  • Disability Benefits – karapatan ng manggagawa na makakuha ng disability benefits pagkatapos ng gamutan (kung gumaling na ang worker or kung hanggang saan lang ang improvement ng worker). Ang doctor ang mag-identify ng percentage of disability at ang calculation ay nakasaad sa social insurance law.
  • End of Service Benefits (employer’s responsibility) kung sakaling nanaisin na ng worker (o kanyang pamilya) na umuwi na lang at hindi na magpatuloy ng trabaho. Ito ay dahil wala ng kakayayahan ang worker na magtrabaho sanhi ng kanyang kalagayan.
  • Tandaan na KASAMA sa work-related injury or work-related  death   kung naaksidente ang isang manggagawa habang pauwi or papunta sa work; kasama rin kung nangyari ang aksidente papunta/pabalik sa lugar kung saan kumakain, o nagdasal ang worker. Kung namatay ang biktima ang kanyang pamilya ay makakatanggap ng death benefits equivalent to 84 months (7 years) basic salary.

2. Paano malalaman na ang isang manggagawa ay hindi entitled ng GOSI-OHB?

  • Kung HINDI WORK RELATED INJURY o HINDI WORK RELATED DEATH.
  • Kung ay work related injury or work-related  death pero ang employer ay hindi nagparegister ng kanyang worker sa GOSI.
  • Government employees, nagwork sa Agriculture, Foreign owned company, domestic workers.
  • Kung ang manggawa ay hindi legal, undocumented or runaway.
  • Kung sinadya ng worker na magkaroon ng injury or death (like suicide).

3. Paano kung hindi applicable ang GOSI sa paggamot ng work-related injury?

  • Nakasaad sa batas ng paggawa na obligasyon ng employer ang pagpagamot at pagbigay ng benepisyo ng isang worker na nagkaroong ng work-related injury. May mga employers kung saan hindi kasali sa GOSI or Saudi Labor, ay may sariling risk insurance.
  • Basahin maigi ang policy ng mga insurances at make sure na protected ang workers.

4. Ma mga pangyayari ba na ang na-injury o namatay na OFW ay hindi sagutin ng employer?

  • Oo kapag ang aksidente or injury or death ay hindi work-related.

5. Kung ganun papano yong mga manggawang naaksidente sa daan ?

  • May aksidente sa daan na maituturing na work-related.
  • Kung ang sakuna ay work-related then sasagutin ng GOSI ang medication, treatment at operation plus may disability benefits na matatanggap ang biktima or ang kanyang pamilya.
  • Lahat ng employer ay obligadong magbigay ng medical insurance sa kanyang mga workers sa paggamot ng workers ay sasagutin din ito ng medical insurance yan kung ito ay hindi covered ng OHB ng GOSI.
  • Kung may risk insurance sila or may motor insurance yong sasakyan nila, or yong sasakyan ng nakaaksidente then may karapatan sila depende sa policy ng insurance nila.
  • Sa parte naman ng taong naging sanhi ng aksidente, hindi sya makukulong kung may motor insurance sya at ang bloodmoney ay babayaran ng insurance. Note: Mandatory sa Saudi Arabia ang motor insurance sa bawat pagparehistro ng sasakayan.

6.  Kung nagkataon na hindi work-related ang injury o work-related  death at wala pang insurance pati yong taong naging sanhi ng pagkadisgrasya ng manggawa, makakuha pa ba siya ng hustisya?

  • Ipairal ang batas, ang paggamot ng naaksidenteng workers ay pwedeng sagutin ng medical insurance. pwede rin papanagutin ang taong naging dahilan kung bakit naaksidente ang manggagawa. pwede rin makahingi ng compensation ang biktima doon sa nagkasala. Ito ay sa pamagitan ng paghabla ng “private right of action” sa korte.
  • Marami na sa ating mga kababayan na nasagasaan at namatay pero ang liit lang ng nakuhang bloodmoney ng biktima or ng kanyang pamilya.

7. Ano ba ang kadalasan na ginawa ng biktima or ng embahada para makakuha ng blood Money ang biktima or kanyang pamilya?

  •  Out of Court (Amicable) settlement – ang ating embahada at yong pamilya ng biktima ang nakipagnegotiate direkta sa akusado or kanyang pamilya. Pinapirma ang biktima or ang kanyang pamilya ng forgiveness letter out of court.

8. Tama ba ang out of court settlement?

  •  Mali, dapat magfile ng Private right of action ang biktima or ang kanyang pamilya sa korte.

9. Ano ba ang Private Right of Action?

  •  Sa Saudi Arabia, may dalawang aspect ng case, public criminal action at private right of action. Ang public action ay ang pananagutan ng nagkasala sa society, sa government, o sa religion. Ang punishment sa public action ay kulong, lashes or penalty or minsan bitay para sa matinding kasalanan katulad ng blasphemy. Ang private action ay ito yong pananagutan ng nagkasala sa kanyang biktima or ng kanyang pamilya. Ang public action ay mainitiate ng Criminal investigation at Prosecution offices. ang private action ay dapat mai-file ng biktima or ng kanyang pamilya.

10. Tama ba yong out of court settlement or amicable settlement?

  •  Kung gugustohin ng biktima or ng kanyang pamilya ng ganung paraan ay okay lang. Pero mas maganda pa rin kung may naifile na private rights of action para maging legal at documented ang lahat. Kung may usapan man na mangyayari sa labas ng court, at least nakasiguro na tayo naifile yong kaso.

11. Papapano kung pumayag ang OFW ng amicable settlement dahil wala syang pakialam
sa private rights na yan.

  •  Obligasyon ng ating embahada na ipaliwanag yan sa mga OFWs; ang batas at proceso sa ating mga kababayan.. Kaya kailangan na bago sana magpapadala ang ating gobyerno ng tao dito ay dapat na alam na ng taong ito ang batas at proceso ng Saudi Arabia.

12. Papapano kung dahil sa masamang kalagayan ang biktimang OFW ay walang kakayahan na magfile ng private rights?

  • Ang pamilya ng biktimang OFW ay pwede makapagfile ng private right of action.

13. Papano kung wala sa Saudi ang pamilya ng biktima ?

  • Gumawa sila ng wakala (special power of attorney) sa Pilipinas granting authority sa taong gusto nilang magfile at magfollow-up sa case. Ito ay ipa-authenticate sa DFA at ipa-authenticate sa Saudi Embassy(kung ang wakil o ang taong binigyan ng authority ay isang saudi).

14. Sino ba dapat ang maging wakil ?

  • Kahit sino as long as legal na resident ng Saudi Arabia (hindi undocumented).
  • Pwede rin ang ating embahada.. Take note na most cases take long time, at ang mga tauhan ng ating embahada ay hindi permanent. Kung sakali ang embahada ang bibigyan ng special power para sa kaso, please ask the DFA kung ano ang discarte…like granting “The Philippine Ambassador or any of his representatives)

15. Ano ba ang katarungan na pwedeng makukuha sa private rights?

  • Yong karapatan mga ng biktima, na maparusahan ang nagkasala, mabayaran ang damages na dinulot ng nagkasala sa biktima at ng kanyang pamilya.

16. Kailan ba dapat maifile ang private rights ?

  • Kaagad. Yong mga ibang lahi since kadalasan nandito ang kanilang pamilya rin, ay nagfile ng private rights of actions, sabay sa pagfile ng prosecutor’s office. Sa ganitong paraan magkasabay dinggin ng korte ang public at private action. nagtataka na lang tayo kung filipino ang nagkasala ay sabay ang hatol ng public at private rights. pero kung filipino ang biktima ay natapos na lang ang sentensya (public aspect) ay wala pa ring natanggap na compensation ang Filipinong biktima or ng kanyang pamilya.

17. Kung sakali ang OFW na biktima ay sinagot na ng GOSI ang pagpapagamot, or ng risk insurance or ng amo. kasama na ang benefits, hindi na ba pwede magfile ng private rights?

  • Walang nakasaad sa batas ng Saudi Arabia na ang biktima na sinagot ng GOSI or risk insurance ay hindi na pwede magfile ng private rights. Karapatan ito ng biktima or ng kanyang pamilya or thru his wakil na maghabla ng kaso.
  • Nasa pagfile din ng private rights kung magkano ang hihinging kabayaran sa damages.
  • Maliban na lang kung sasabihin ng hukom na ang magbayad ay ang GOSI, or ang Motor Insurance or ano mang Insurances. Ang hukom ang tanging magbigay ng judgement kung magkano or ano ang karapatdapat at kung sino ang magbabayad.
  • Kung ang biktima ay binayaran ng insurance ng taong nagkasala at pumirma sya ng letter of forgivness (tanazul) then yan na ang kanyang private rights.
  • Importante pa rin na ang biktima  ang magfile kung may isang taong dapat sisihin sa pagkaroon ng injury ng biktima. Kung namatay ang biktima ang kanyang pamilya ay maaring magfile ng private rights.

18.  Kung nagfile na ba ng private rights ay maisaayos na ba ang lahat ng karapatan ng manggawang biktima?

  • Dapat pa rin patuloy ang pagfollow-up, mag-attend ng hearing ang biktima, or kanyang pamilya or kanyang wakil.

19. Kung nabayaran na ba ang private rights ay makalaya na rin ang akusado ?

  • Kailangan mag-issue ng forgiveness ang biktima, or pamilya directly or thru his wakil para forgiven na ang akusado based sa private action.. Pero kailangan pa rin tapusin ng akusado ang sentence sa public criminal action. Please refer to Articles 22 and 23 of the Law of Criminal Procedure.

Note: Gusto ko lang ipa-alam sa lahat na may apat na filipinong napugutan sa Taif noong 2005. Nagbigay na ng letter of forgiveness ang family ng biktima pero hindi naiparating ng ating Consulate ang sulat na yon sa korte.

20. Law of Criminal Procedure Articles 16-23

Article 16:
Pursuant to its Law, the Bureau of Investigation and Prosecution shall have jurisdiction to initiate and follow-up criminal action before the competent courts.

Article 17:
The victim or his representative and his heirs may initiate criminal action with respect to all cases involving a private right of action, and shall follow-up any such case before the competent court. The competent court shall serve a summons to notify the Prosecutor.

Article 18:
No criminal action shall be initiated nor investigation proceedings
conducted in crimes involving a private right of action, except through a complaint by the victim or his representative or heirs, filed with the competent authority, unless the Bureau of Investigation and Prosecution considers that the filing of such an action and the investigation into those crimes will serve the public interest.

Article 19:
If it appears to the court that there is a conflict between the interest of the victim or his heirs and the interest of the victim’s representative, such representative shall be excluded from continuing in the proceedings and another representative shall be appointed.

Article 20:
If it appears to the court in any case pending before it that such a case involves accused persons other than those being prosecuted or facts related to the charge in question, it shall notify the complainant accordingly in order to complete what is required for the proper consideration and adjudication of the case in a manner compatible with Shari’ah principles. This procedure shall apply to the Appellate Court whenever appropriate.

Article 21:
If acts are committed which may contravene court orders or constitute contempt of court or influence any member of such court or any of the parties or witnesses in connection with a case pending before it, the court shall review these acts and render its judgment in accordance with Shari’ah principles.

Article 22:
Public criminal action shall lapse in the following events:
(1) Issuance of a final judgment.
(2) Grant of pardon by the King on pardonable matters.
(3) Repentance, which satisfies the Shari’ah requirements.
(4) Death of the accused.
However, the lapse of public criminal action shall not impede the
continuation of a private right of action.

Article 23:
A private criminal action lapses in the following two cases:

(1) Issuance of a final judgment.
(2) Grant of pardon by the victim or his heirs.
However, the grant of pardon by the victim or his heirs shall not preclude
proceedings of the public criminal action.

Article 29 : The complaint filed by the person harmed because of a crime shall be considered as a claim of private right of action, unless he expressly waives such right before the Investigator. The Investigator shall enter any such waiver into the record and shall have it witnessed. In case of defamation and qisas , such waiver shall be certified by the competent

Article 63 : If an order suspending the file of the case is issued, the Investigator shall communicate such order to the victim and to any claimant in respect of the private right of action. In case of death of any of them, the order shall be communicated collectively to the heirs at the place of his residence.

Article 68 : Whoever suffers harm in consequence of a crime may file a claim in respect of his private right of action during the investigation of that action. The Investigator shall decide on the admissibility of such claim within three days from the date of filing. If the claim is rejected, an appeal may be lodged with the head of the relevant department within one week from the date of communication of the decision to the interested party. The decision issued by the head of the relevant department shall be final during the investigation stage.

Article 72 : The victim and the claimant of the private right of action shall specify places in the town of the court within whose venue the investigation is conducted if they are not residents thereof. If they fail to do so, whatever necessary notice to them shall be deemed proper by notification to the court administration.

Article 89 : An order authorizing the return of the seized items shall not preclude interested parties from claiming their rights before the competent court, except the accused or the claimant in respect of the private right of action where such an order had been issued by the court pursuant to a claim by either of them against the other.

Article 96 : The Investigator shall enter into the record full information about each witness, including the name of the witness, his surname, age, profession, nationality, place of residence and his relationship to the accused, the victim and the claimant of the private right of action.
These particulars, the testimony of witnesses and the procedure for hearing the testimony shall be entered into the record without any amendment, cancellation, erasure, insertion, or addition. These particulars shall be valid only after they have been approved by the Investigator, the clerk, and the witness.

Article 124 : If the Investigator is of the opinion, following completion of the investigation, that there is insufficient evidence to proceed with the case, he shall recommend to the Chairman of the relevant department to stay the case and the accused detainee be released– unless he is detained for another reason. An order by the Chairman of the relevant department in support thereof shall be effective – except in major crimes where the order shall not be effective unless confirmed by the Director of the Bureau of Investigation and Prosecution or his deputy. The said order shall explain the reasons therefor and be communicated to the claimant in respect of the private right of action, and to his heirs collectively at his place of residence, in case of his death.

21. Rights of Workers with Occupational Injuries 

22. Qatl (Murder Cases) 

23. Mga Mahahalagang Impormasyon na dapat matutunan ng mga OFWs sa Saudi Arabia

24. Additional References 

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